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Immunohistochemistry (x5) (A) and Western blot (B) for RAGE in diabetic or nondiabetic plaques, and relationship between glycemic control and RAGE expression in diabetic plaques (C). Note the immunohistochemistry at high magnification (x63) (A, box) showing prevalent RAGE localization in perivascular macrophages in diabetic plaques. These results are typical of 30 diabetic and 30 nondiabetic plaques. Circulation. 2003;108:1070
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Confocal microscopy showed staining for RAGE (green staining) on plaque-derived macrophages, concomitant (red staining) with CD68, COX-2, MMP-2, and MMP-9 expression. These results are typical of 30 diabetic and 30 nondiabetic plaques.
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